AARC Explores Pathway Guides are your guides to the content of each series. Pathway Guides show you topics, speakers, content descriptions, and release dates for each video in the series.
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2025 Pathway Guide
Pathway 1 | Reconsidering Race and Ethnicity for Predicting Normal Lung Function


Lecturer: Ellen Becker, PhD, RRT, RPFT, AE-C, FAARC
Prediction equations for normal lung function commonly included a race/ethnicity variable. Recently, researchers highlighted problems resulting from the use of a social construct such as race/ethnicity to predict biological function. This presentation will help clinicians better advocate for their patients by understanding how race-neutral prediction equations impact disease severity and treatment eligibility.
Pathway 2 | Polio, Pandemics and the Birth of Intensive Care


Lecturer: Hannah Wunsch, MD, MSc
The COVID-19 pandemic presented unprecedented challenges in intensive care, mechanical ventilation and respiratory care. However, the genesis for intensive care can be traced to the polio epidemic in Copenhagen in 1952. With only a handful of negative pressure ventilators the team at Blegdam hospital turned to a relatively unknown anesthetist, Bjorn Ibsen, who introduced tracheostomy and positive pressure ventilation as the preferred treatment. Students hand ventilated patients for days and the mortality rate plummeted. Dr. Wunsch has exquisitely detailed this story in her book entitled, The Autumn Ghost. The story is fascinating, includes personal stories of the physicians and patients as well as the amazing success of a team of individuals dedicated to solving an unsolvable problem.
Pathway 3 | Pulse Oximetry Accuracy Facts and Fallacies


Lecturer: Michael Lipnick, MD
Pulse oximetry is ubiquitous in all aspects of the health system. Under most conditions the accuracy of pulse oximetry is considered sufficient for clinical decision making in intensive care and for determination of home oxygen therapy in chronic lung disease. The impact of skin pigment and SpO2 accuracy has been known for decades. The COVID pandemic brought these inaccuracies to light again and garnered attention from the lay press. There are a multitude of factors which will impact oximeter accuracy, including perfusion and anemia. Testing of oximeters is under revision to address these problems.
Pathway 4 | The Emotional Side of Feedback


Lecturer: Katlyn Burr, MSM-HCA, FAARC, RRT, RRT-NPS, AE-C
This presentation will review the emotional response that occurs when humans give and receive feedback. Attendees will leave with practical tips to manage emotional responses when managing feedback related conversations.
Pathway 5 | Optimizing Aerosol Delivery in Mechanically Ventilated Patients: Recent Advances and Practical Insights


Lecturer: Jie Li, PhD, RRT, RRT-ACCS, RRT-NPS, FAARC, FCCM
Aerosol therapy is a cornerstone in the management of patients requiring mechanical ventilation, yet achieving effective drug delivery in this population remains a complex challenge. This lecture explores the evolving landscape of aerosol delivery during invasive ventilation, with a focus on the physiological, technical, and procedural factors that influence therapeutic efficacy. Attendees will gain insights into recent advances in aerosol generation technologies, optimal device selection, ventilator settings, and circuit configurations. The session will also offer practical strategies to enhance aerosol delivery in everyday clinical practice, aiming to bridge the gap between evidence and application.
Pathway 6 | To Intubate or Not? That is the Question—Determining NIV Failure in Pediatrics


Natalie Napolitano, MPH, RRT, RRT-NPS, FAARC
Non-invasive ventilation is a tool in the RT’s arsenal that is heavily dependent on patient compliance, interface fit, and diligence of staff to ensure the patient is receiving the prescribed treatment. Despite optimizing these key components of NIV, many patients spend a significant amount of time in limbo, unable to wean off of support. This poses a dilemma for the multidisciplinary team that is left to weigh the pros and cons and risks and benefits to prolonged NIV use in the intensive care unit with those of intubation and invasive mechanical ventilation. Defining NIV failure is a complex and important decision point in the progression of acute respiratory failure in children.
Pathway 7 | Coming Soon!


Pathway 8 | Coming Soon!


Pathway 9 | Coming Soon!


Pathway 10 | Coming Soon!

